I wonder if BOR is preparing for another possible 1983 scenario? Inflows of 120,000 cfs and maximum outflow capability of 40,000 cfs through GCD.
In 1983 from June 1 to July 7th BOR was essentially letting water out at max outflow capability through GCD. Could a 120k cfs inflow overrun the system today even if starting at an elevation of 3520? (In 1983 LP water elevation was roughly 3680 when spring runoff began)
I wonder if BOR is preparing for another possible 1983 scenario and having to deal with 120k cfs inflow?
At 40k cfs passing through GCD for roughly 37 days in 1983, what did that equate to in storage volume lost? That water essentially went into Mexico/Pacific Ocean as it passed through the system.
I guess my point is there is a possibility that BOR is operating out of an abundance of caution in preparation for what may come. Is the snow/water data so overwhelming that BOR can increase outflow now and still have plenty of headroom? JFR please weigh in on this?
Okay, I'll weigh in on this.
What happened in 1983 was unprecedented in the history of Lake Powell, and remains unique to this day. Many lessons were learned from that year. You had a situation where the lake was already at 3685 on April 1 (mistake #1), with the huge runoff yet to come. They just didn't anticipate exactly how big it would be. Inflows through most of April were in the 12-16,000 cfs range, but BOR didn't really react to this until about the middle of the month, when they increased outflows from about the usual 10,000 cfs to roughly 20,000 cfs (mistake #2). And so the lake remained at 3685 at the end of that month. It was May that was the inexplicable month. Inflows were consistently 30-40,000 cfs the entire month, that is until May 27, when hot weather kicked them over 50,000 cfs and quickly rose to nearly 90,000 cfs by June 1!! And what did BOR do that month? Outflows remained at 15-25,000 for the entire month...(mistake #3)
So with the lake at 3696 on June 1, and the lake still rising nearly a foot a day, an inevitable crisis loomed. We know how it played out, with the lake topping out at over 3708 on July 14, held together with plywood sheets. The entire month of June saw flows over 80,000 cfs, often much higher, and peaked at over 122,000 cfs on July 1.
Is BOR feeling another 1983 is coming? Perhaps in terms of inflows, at least for a short while, but not in terms of a possible overflow crisis. No chance. Let's play it out.
From April through July of 1983, the total inflow was (now I'll switch to maf) about 13.3 maf. During that same period, they released nearly 8.9 maf, so there was a net gain of 4.4 maf, and that's when the lake was almost already full. You saw the result.
This year, the April 1 NOAA prediction is that we'll see up to 11.3 maf headed for Powell. Some of this might be held back in the upper reservoirs beyond what is already planned, but you get the idea of how it compares with 1983. But let's say you really saw another 1983, and 13.3 maf enters the lake. If BOR did not release a single drop during those months, the lake would hold 18.7 maf at the end of July, which is an elevation of 3670. So the short answer is, no, there is no chance that Powell would overflow with a repeat of 1983 inflows. It would still only be a little over 75% full.
Right now, BOR 's current plan is to release 3.15 maf total from April through July--and that's with their recent announcement to increase April flows to 0.91 maf. Doesn't seem like much compared to 1983, so you can see the wheels turning in their collective heads. So let's say they bumped up that 4-month total to what it would take to result in a 9.5 maf release for the entire year, a totally plausible (and reasonable) concept? That would mean the 4-month release would be about 4.3 maf. And if they did that, Powell would see a net inflow of 9 maf during that period, entering August at 3636. Probably not going to happen.
So you can see the thoughts in the head of BOR, trying to hit a sweet spot, knowing that another 1983 summer inflow is very unlikely, but still remotely possible. Why would they release so much in April? Hard to say. They know the lake is not going to overflow anytime this summer, no matter how little they release, so "flood control" is not the issue. Helping Lake Mead? Maybe, but they can always relate more later, and they can never get water back to Powell. There's clearly more there than meets the eye. We'll learn a lot more about their thinking in their April 24-Month Report, due out at the end of this week. Then we'll have a lot more clarity from BOR...
By the way, people tend to forget that as big as 1983 was, the summer of 1984 was even bigger in terms of inflow. During that same four-month period, 13.7 maf flowed into Lake Powell, compared to 13.3 in 1983. So why wasn't there a crisis that time? Well, BOR learned from 1983. For one, the lake was 11 feet lower (3674) coming into April. Secondly, they increased outflows in April to about 25,000 cfs, and something like a max-ed out 44,000 cfs in May. They weren't taking any chances. And still with all that, the lake hit 3702 in early July.
The lesson for all of us there, is that BOR does know its own past, acts cautiously, and sometimes makes mistakes. Pretty much like everyone else...