Well that was an interesting read.
Numerical Study of the Impact of Wake Surfing on Inland Bodies of Water
A “Study” can be (usually always is) heavily influenced by the “funding” party. Regardless of reality and real world conditions, the intended purpose of the funding party can almost always be represented in a positive spin supported with limited truths data.
This study data on boat wakes has been carefully designed to deliver a positive statement that the funding party wants the public to see. Any fluid dynamics engineer, even a freshman in 101 level courses can see the BS in the study.
Sure enough, this paper was funded by a party who benefited with social perception of low environmental impact to big wakes… “The development of this paper was supported financially by the National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA) in cooperation with its members.” This is a conflict.
The intro is clear, noting hull design and ballast and reference to tabs (which is a gentle way of saying stern plows and underwater wings) which are designed for the sole purpose to exaggerate and produce gigantic wakes outside of the standard hull displacement prediction models. As the story continues it gets fuzzy with energy rated HP referenced at ONLY 110HP - 145HP, MUCH lower than any wake boat I have ever seen at powell. There are many graphs but ironically the one missing is wake amplitude variable curves at higher ballast, higher bow trim, along with plotting data points of applied artificial agitators like wake generators across non planning velocities.
The missing graph and data points are critical as that is the source of the bigger problem - disruption models including stern plows and wake wings and off balance ballast loading.
Water is basically non compressible, and it has predictable behaviors. Gravity is basically a constant. A wake can be predicted and modeled and is a result of moving a displacement shape (anything from a stick in the water to your hand out the window) through a fluid (air, water, jello, etc) and applied energy (movement & heats transfer). Depending on how efficiently that shape interacts with and disrupts the fluid around it will determine wake patterns of laminar flows or turbulent flows. All of the math presented in the study is just basic stuff (like hooks and lures) and would be expected to be included in any discussion of this nature, and it is the same formulas and models that can easily illustrate the massive increase in mean wake amplitude when applied to variables like wake generators and off balance ballast and also when applying energy component propulsion greater than 140HP.
At the end of the day the force impacting the shore is a direct relation of the height (amplitude) of the wave (generated by surface separation & hull design) and the applied energy at source (HP) and the distance to impact zone and other disruptions like wind acting on the fluid field between disruption source (boat) and point of impact, fluid depth, and entry angle of wake to surface (elastic gentle beach vrs non elastic rock cliff). This amplitude value does diminish with distance from origin (energy losses) but also increases with reverb when 2 wave energies collide and this is huge at powell due to close proximity to source (boat) and non elastic impact zones (rock cliff walls). The reverb they show illustrates elastic edges at friendly water depths.
This engineering group has used trickery to present the exact discovery the funding party desired... but their data is incomplete. Their lack of full disclosure to real world conditions is disingenuous but expected. They made misleading statements relating to actual shoreline erosion losses without ever discussing relative angle of wake/ shore or soil composition. But they did gently admit that wakes do result in shoreline erosion. They did soften their summary conclusion but intentionally left out key data points that if included would have prevented the funding party from obtaining the result they were seeking.
This study will have an entirely different conclusion with the inclusion of average real world conditions including exaggerated wake generating hull design, exaggerated angle of attack of displacing hull, exaggerated stern ballast including off balance mass to enhance wake amplitude on one side, exaggerated wake from stern plow (sinking the stern FAR deeper than natural displacement with sub surface stern wings).
It is fun to see Kelvin wake models again. Although Kelvin was the first to predict and model wake energies (bow wakes planning wakes and stern wakes), he is best known for absolute Zero K temperature when particles stop. To end with a head scratcher, the number zero, less than 1, is the newest (youngest) number value in our numeric system. The number zero is thousands of years younger than the numbers 1-9. Roman numerals do not have a zero. Hmmm.
Big wakes with high amplitudes as intentionally generated with wake boats are bad and do cause shoreline erosion within its energy field and will deliver great discomfort to those within its energy field.
Action is Needed.
Wake boats need to be restricted to idle speed in all side canyons at powell and should be only allowed to operate above idle speed in the main channel. Distances that wake boats should be legally responsible needs to be increased from 150 feet to 1 mile or to distance that amplitude is less than 12”. Laws need to be added to Powell to include “damage or DISCOMFORT” to others.
A single wake boat can ruin the natural condition for everyone within its energy field. Wake Up NPS.
The real problem is clear - Wake boats cannot coexist in side canyons as the drivers have clearly illustrated they are incapable of common sense and courtesy to others. Big fines and big tickets and confiscation of boat until mandatory trial date is the start. Without a consequence, you have no stick. Wake boats are a nuisance and threat to public safety and need to be regulated under nuisance laws and public safety laws. The 150 marker needs to be updated to real world conditions and referenced in amplitude at impact zone and not distance.
How is it possible that the lake has managed to go this long without a modified and updated boat wake law. Maybe a web site where impacted third parties can upload videos of bouncing houseboats and tag numbers of offending boat that forces a responding ranger. How about staging a ranger in padre everyday, able to respond to the endless 16 calls from rocking and rolling houseboats.
99% of wake boat drivers are jerks.
And yes, there is shore erosion with every single wake impact.
Who makes the laws for powell and how do we contact them to ask them to update the law on boats with big wakes at powell. The problem is only getting worse - more boats and a smaller lake.